Sleep Disordered Breathing

About Sleep Apnea
Sleep Apnea is a breathing disorder which occurs during sleeping. It can be caused by the blocking of the airway or by the improper signals the brain send to the muscles controlling breathing.
What are the main types of Sleep Apnea?
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
- OSA occurs when the aiway gets BLOCKED, preventing air from reaching the lungs . A Patient with OSA can gasp, chock for air, or snore loudly during sleeping.
Central Sleep Apnea (CSA)
- CSA occurs when the muscles that control breathing, are DISCONNECTED from the brain. CSA occurs less frequently than OSA.
How can Sleep Apnea be diagnosed?
An individual would have to see his/her physician or healthcare provider first.
The second step in an individual’s journey to become diagnosed with sleep apnea is being referred referred to a sleep specialist who would request one of the following tests:
- Polysomnography (PSG)
- Home sleep apnea testing (HSAT)
- Positive airway pressure (PAP) titration

How is Sleep apnea treated?
Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) therapy
This type of therapy involves using a machine that provides an air pressure through a face mask worn during sleeping to prevent the occurunce of any obstruction in the airway while sleeping.
Types of PAP includes:
Continuous PAP (CPAP)
- CPAP therapy involves using a machine which provides the person who has sleep apnea with continuous pressure of air to prevent the airway from collapsing.
Bilevel PAP(BiPAP)
- BiPAP therapy involves using a machine which provides the person who has sleep apnea with continuous positive air pressure during breathing in and out.
Automatic PAP (APAP)
- APAP therapy involves using a machine which provides the person with continuous stream of airpressure which is automatically-adjusted according to the changing breathing needs while sleeping.
Oral appliance
A mouthpiece that can depress the tongue or move the lower jaw forward to keep the upper part of the airway open. Oral appliance can be used for a person who is intolerant of PAP therapy.
Surgery
There are several surgical options for treatment of sleep apnea that can be recommended by the treating physician.

Snoring Vs Sleep Apnea
Snoring can be a symptom of sleep apnea, nevertheless, NOT EVERYONE who snores has sleep apnea.
If your snoring is accompanied with gasping or chocking for air, you might have sleep apnea.
DO’s and DON’Ts
Asthma can’t be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it’s important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
The key to living with asthma successfully is to keep it under control. Limit contact with asthma triggers in your environment, monitor your condition with a peak flow meter, and follow your treatment plan strictly.
Work on reducing asthma triggers. A first step is to stop smoking and protect yourself second-hand smoke in your home and in public places.
It is possible to be active and stay healthy when you’re living with asthma. In fact, many medal-winning Olympic athletes have asthma. Exercise strengthens your respiratory muscles, helps maintain weight.Exercises that are less likely to trigger asthma symptoms include swimming, walking, hiking, and leisurely biking. Sports that have short bursts of activity are also less likely to set off symptoms. Examples include baseball, football, and sprinting.
You may have to pace yourself at times or make some adjustments here or there, such as avoiding outdoor sports in the early morning, when pollen counts are at their highest (assuming pollen is one of your triggers).
Stress can be a trigger for asthma attacks. With that in mind, commit to implementing stress-reduction strategies into your life, such as breathing exercises, meditation, and other tactics.
Stay mindful of your emotional state. People with asthma may be more likely to develop anxiety or depression. If you begin to feel down or depressed, talk with your doctor. Help is available.
Asthma presents a number of day-to-day challenges that need to be overcome. Take steps to make it easier for you to commit to these
Simply checking and recording peak flows once per day could make a big difference in your asthma control. A low number can indicate you may be headed toward an asthma attack.
Learn how to use your medications correctly. Find out all you can about your asthma medicine, including how and when to take it, potential side effects, and how it controls your asthma. If you use a metered dose inhaler, learn how to use it properly.
Talk to your doctor about adjusting your routine if compliance is becoming an issue or you are experiencing side effects.
Not having your rescue inhaler immediately available can be dangerous. Because you have no idea when you might need it, consider keeping a spare in your backpack, purse, desk, or any place Even people who take their asthma medicine exactly as prescribed and who work to avoid triggers can have the occasional asthma attack. It's essential to have an asthma action plan in place for those times. This will include symptoms to look for, actions to take, danger signs, avoiding triggers, medication instructions, and when to call your doctor or go to the emergency room.
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